The Global Positioning System is a constellation of satellites orbiting
earth twice daily, transmitting time and position (latitude, longitude
and altitude) information. With a GPS receiver, you can determine
your location anywhere on Earth.
The complete system consists of 24 satellites orbiting about 12,000 miles
above the Earth, and five ground stations to monitor and manage the satellite
constellation. These satellites provide 24-hour-a-day coverage for both
two- and three-dimensional positioning anywhere on Earth.
Development of the $10 billion GPS satellite navigation system began
in the 1970's by the Department of Defense, which continues to manage
the system, to provide continuous, worldwide positioning and navigation data
to military forces around the globe. GPS has even broader civilian and
commercial applications. So GPS offers two levels of service, one for
civilian access and second encrypted for military use. The GPS signals
are available to an unlimited number of users simultaneously.